Ores

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Desktop version Console version Mobile version
This is the main page whose information applies to the Desktop, Console, and Mobile versions of Terraria.
For the differences of this information on Old-gen console and 3DS, see Legacy:Ores.
Ores
  • Ores.gif
9999
Statistics
Type
Crafting material
Placeable✔️
Use time15 (Very fast)
Research100 required
  • Internal Tile ID: 6–9, 22, 37, 56, 58, 107–108, 111, 166–169, 204, 211, 221–223, 408

Ores are primary crafting materials important for game progression. They are crafted into bars at a Furnace, after which they can be crafted into essential tools, weapons, armor, and other items. Raw ores are mainly used to craft bricks and potions, or as building material.

Ores generally appear as veins of placed blocks in the Underground layer and below, and are mined with a pickaxe, drill, or explosives. Lower-tier ores appear among Dirt near the surface, or within Floating Islands. Some ores are also dropped by bosses, namely the Eye of Cthulhu, Eater of Worlds, Brain of Cthulhu, and Moon Lord.

Ores can also be found as a random reward from an Extractinator, crates from fishing, or as bonus drops from slimes.

A world will generally only contain one ore type from each tier, which is chosen at random. For instance, one world may have Copper and Iron Ores, while another may have Copper and Lead Ores (see tables below). The alternate ore types that do not generate naturally in a world can still be obtained via the aforementioned extra sources. Hardmode ore types are chosen at random as soon as the player destroys an Altar. In a drunk world, both ore variants of each tier will spawn instead of one.

There are 21 different types of ores.

Types

Ore Rarity Sell

Copper Ore Copper OreInternal Item ID: 12 White (Rarity level: 0) 50 CC
Tin Ore Tin OreInternal Item ID: 699 White (Rarity level: 0) 75 CC
Iron Ore Iron OreInternal Item ID: 11 White (Rarity level: 0) 1 SC
Lead Ore Lead OreInternal Item ID: 700 White (Rarity level: 0) 1 SC50 CC
Silver Ore Silver OreInternal Item ID: 14 White (Rarity level: 0) 1 SC50 CC
Tungsten Ore Tungsten OreInternal Item ID: 701 White (Rarity level: 0) 2 SC25 CC
Gold Ore Gold OreInternal Item ID: 13 White (Rarity level: 0) 3 SC
Platinum Ore Platinum OreInternal Item ID: 702 White (Rarity level: 0) 4 SC50 CC
Meteorite MeteoriteInternal Item ID: 116 White (Rarity level: 0) 2 SC
Demonite Ore Demonite OreInternal Item ID: 56 Blue (Rarity level: 1) 10 SC
Crimtane Ore Crimtane OreInternal Item ID: 880 Blue (Rarity level: 1) 13 SC
Obsidian ObsidianInternal Item ID: 173 White (Rarity level: 0) -
Hellstone HellstoneInternal Item ID: 174 Green (Rarity level: 2) 2 SC50 CC
Cobalt Ore Cobalt OreInternal Item ID: 364 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 7 SC
Palladium Ore Palladium OreInternal Item ID: 1104 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 9 SC
Mythril Ore Mythril OreInternal Item ID: 365 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 11 SC
Orichalcum Ore Orichalcum OreInternal Item ID: 1105 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 13 SC
Adamantite Ore Adamantite OreInternal Item ID: 366 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 15 SC
Titanium Ore Titanium OreInternal Item ID: 1106 Orange (Rarity level: 3) 17 SC
Chlorophyte Ore Chlorophyte OreInternal Item ID: 947 Lime (Rarity level: 7) 15 SC
Luminite Luminite(Desktop, Console and Mobile versions)Internal Item ID: 3460 Red (Rarity level: 10) 30 SC

Pre-Hardmode

Tier Ore types Minimum tools
required 		Crafting Source
1
Copper Ore (placed).png Copper OreCopper Ore
Tin Ore (placed).png Tin OreTin Ore
 Copper Pickaxe Tin Pickaxe Cactus Pickaxe 3 Copper Ore = Copper Bar
3 Tin Ore = Tin Bar 		Surface, Underground, Cavern
2
Iron Ore (placed).png Iron OreIron Ore
Lead Ore (placed).png Lead OreLead Ore
 Copper Pickaxe Tin Pickaxe Cactus Pickaxe 3 Iron Ore = Iron Bar
3 Lead Ore = Lead Bar 		Surface, Underground, Cavern
3
Silver Ore (placed).png Silver OreSilver Ore
Tungsten Ore (placed).png Tungsten OreTungsten Ore
 Copper Pickaxe Tin Pickaxe Cactus Pickaxe 4 Silver Ore = Silver Bar
4 Tungsten Ore = Tungsten Bar 		Underground, Cavern, Floating Islands, Surface (rarely)
4
Gold Ore (placed).png Gold OreGold Ore
Platinum Ore (placed).png Platinum OrePlatinum Ore
 Copper Pickaxe Tin Pickaxe Cactus Pickaxe 4 Gold Ore = Gold Bar
4 Platinum Ore = Platinum Bar 		Underground, Cavern, Floating Islands, Surface (very rarely)
5
Demonite Ore (placed).png Demonite OreDemonite Ore(Corruption worlds)
Crimtane Ore (placed).png Crimtane OreCrimtane Ore(Crimson worlds)
 Gold Pickaxe Platinum Pickaxe

Reaver Shark

Desktop version Console version Mobile version: 3 Demonite Ore = Demonite Bar
Desktop version Console version Mobile version: 3 Crimtane Ore = Crimtane Bar 		Eye of Cthulhu, Underground, Cavern, Eater of Worlds (Demonite), Brain of Cthulhu (Crimtane)
6
Meteorite (placed).png MeteoriteMeteorite
 Tungsten Pickaxe Gold Pickaxe Platinum Pickaxe 3 Meteorite = Meteorite Bar Meteorite biome
7
Obsidian (placed).png ObsidianObsidian
 Gold Pickaxe Platinum Pickaxe n/a Contact between water and lava
8
Hellstone (placed).png HellstoneHellstone
 Nightmare Pickaxe Deathbringer Pickaxe 3 Hellstone + Obsidian = Hellstone Bar Underworld

Generation

The world seed determines which of the alternatives in the first four tiers to generate according to the following formula,[1] where [math]\displaystyle{ s }[/math] is the "identifier" part of the world seed (an integer from 0 to 2147483647), [math]\displaystyle{ f }[/math] and [math]\displaystyle{ c }[/math] are constants from the table below, and [math]\displaystyle{ \bmod{} }[/math] is the modulo operator.

[math]\displaystyle{ ( s \times f + c ) \bmod{2147483647} \gt 1073741823 }[/math]

If the inequality is true, the world will have the default ore type (Copper, Iron, etc.), otherwise it will have the alternate ore type (Tin, Lead, etc.).

Ore [math]\displaystyle{ f }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ c }[/math]
Copper OreCopper 1582116761 626863973
Iron OreIron 1676571504 1003550677
Silver OreSilver 1476289907 1358625013
Gold OreGold 1117239683 1008269081

  • For example, the world with the seed [math]\displaystyle{ s = 1965937006 }[/math] has the following ores:

    Formula Result
    [math]\displaystyle{ ( 1965937006 \times 1582116761 + 626863973 ) \bmod{2147483647} \gt 1073741823 }[/math] Copper OreCopper
    [math]\displaystyle{ ( 1965937006 \times 1676571504 + 1003550677 ) \bmod{2147483647} \ngtr 1073741823 }[/math] Lead OreLead
    [math]\displaystyle{ ( 1965937006 \times 1476289907 + 1358625013 ) \bmod{2147483647} \ngtr 1073741823 }[/math] Tungsten OreTungsten
    [math]\displaystyle{ ( 1965937006 \times 1117239683 + 1008269081 ) \bmod{2147483647} \gt 1073741823 }[/math] Gold OreGold

    • Hardmode

    Tier Ore types Minimum tools
    required     		Crafting Source
    9
    Cobalt Ore (placed).png Cobalt OreCobalt Ore
    Palladium Ore (placed).png Palladium OrePalladium Ore
    		 Molten Pickaxe 3 Cobalt Ore = Cobalt Bar
    3 Palladium Ore = Palladium Bar     		Underground, Cavern
    10
    Mythril Ore (placed).png Mythril OreMythril Ore
    Orichalcum Ore (placed).png Orichalcum OreOrichalcum Ore
    		 Cobalt Pickaxe Cobalt Drill Palladium Pickaxe Palladium Drill 4 Mythril Ore = Mythril Bar
    4 Orichalcum Ore = Orichalcum Bar     		Cavern
    11
    Adamantite Ore (placed).png Adamantite OreAdamantite Ore
    Titanium Ore (placed).png Titanium OreTitanium Ore
    		 Mythril Pickaxe Mythril Drill Orichalcum Pickaxe Orichalcum Drill Desktop version Console version Mobile version: 4 Adamantite Ore = Adamantite Bar
    Desktop version Console version Mobile version: 4 Titanium Ore = Titanium Bar     		Cavern (roughly at lava depth)
    12
    Chlorophyte Ore (placed).png Chlorophyte OreChlorophyte Ore
    		 Pickaxe Axe Drax Desktop version Console version Mobile version: 5 Chlorophyte Ore = Chlorophyte Bar Underground Jungle
    13
    Luminite (placed).png LuminiteLuminite(Desktop, Console and Mobile versions)
    		 Copper Pickaxe Tin Pickaxe Cactus Pickaxe 4 Luminite = Luminite Bar Moon Lord

    The first three tiers of Hardmode ores are spawned by destroying Demon/Crimson Altars, which requires a hammer with 80% hammer power or higher, e.g. the Pwnhammer. Chlorophyte Ore spawns on its own once Hardmode is triggered, though it cannot be mined before defeating all of the mechanical bosses, and Luminite does not occur naturally. Neither ores are affected by destroyed altars. This content is transcluded from Altars.

    1. First altar: Cobalt OreCobalt Ore or Palladium OrePalladium Ore, chosen randomly.
    2. Second altar: Mythril OreMythril Ore or Orichalcum OreOrichalcum Ore, chosen randomly.
    3. Third altar: Adamantite OreAdamantite Ore or Titanium OreTitanium Ore, chosen randomly.

    Players will be able to find these new ores scattered across the Underground layer to near-Underworld levels, with them replacing most blocks created during world generation. They will spawn at random locations in varying quantity, in places explored and unexplored alike.

    • Destroying more altars will never spawn Hardmode ore types beyond the three that were randomly assigned to the world during the initial round of destroyed altars. A world with Palladium Ore deposits will never spawn Cobalt Ore deposits, or vice versa (with the exception of drunk worlds).
    • Which ores are generated is not determined until the first, second or third altar is smashed. For example, it is not determined if the world has Cobalt or Palladium until the first altar has been smashed. The same goes for Mythril/Orichalcum with the second altar, and Adamantite/Titanium for the third.
    • Subsequent altars destroyed will begin the cycle again, though the fourth to sixth altars will spawn half as much ore as the first ones, the seventh to ninth will spawn only one third of the ore of the first ones, and so forth. So, the nth cycle will only generate one-nth as much ore as the first one. For example, destroying the 19th altar (seventh cycle) would yield one-seventh of Cobalt/Palladium Ore compared to the first altar. Destroying 12 altars will roughly double the ore provided by the first three; tripling that original allotment would require destroying 33 altars. Notice that although each subsequent destroyed altar will yield less ore, the total amount is unbounded (except by the number of altars in a world).
    • No matter how many altars are destroyed, ore rarity remains set with Cobalt/Palladium being the most common, followed by Mythril/Orichalcum, then Adamantite/Titanium as the rarest.

    Generation

    The number of ore veins generated upon destroying an altar is determined by the following formula:[2]

    [math]\displaystyle{ \frac{ \left( \text{world size} \times 310 - \text{ore tier} \times 85 \right) \times 0.85 }{ \left\lfloor \frac{\text{number of altars destroyed previously}}{3} \right\rfloor + 1 } \times \text{factor} }[/math]

    • [math]\displaystyle{ \lfloor x \rfloor }[/math] is the floor function.
    • [math]\displaystyle{ \text{world size} }[/math] is the width of the world (in tiles) divided by 4200: 1 for small worlds, 1.524 for medium worlds and 2 for large worlds.
    • [math]\displaystyle{ \text{ore tier} }[/math] represents the respective tier of ore:
    Ore type Value
    Cobalt OreCobalt Palladium OrePalladium 0
    Mythril OreMythril Orichalcum OreOrichalcum 1
    Adamantite OreAdamantite Titanium OreTitanium 2
    • [math]\displaystyle{ \text{factor} }[/math] depends on the ore type, slightly increasing/decreasing the rarity of different types:
    Ore type Value
    Cobalt OreCobalt 1.05
    Mythril OreMythril Adamantite OreAdamantite 1
    Palladium OrePalladium 0.945
    Orichalcum OreOrichalcum Titanium OreTitanium 0.9
    This reveals that worlds with Palladium instead of Cobalt, Orichalcum instead of Mythril, or Titanium instead of Adamantite will, on average, have 10% less of the respective ore.

    The table below visualizes this and shows how many ore veins will be spawned for each altar destroyed. If 264 altars were to be destroyed in one world, all following altars would only spawn one ore vein.

    Ore type 1 altar 2 altars 3 altars 4 altars 5 altars 6 altars 7 altars 8 altars 9 altars
    Cobalt OreCobalt 276 veins - - 138 veins - - 92 veins - -
    Palladium OrePalladium 249 veins - - 124 veins - - 83 veins - -
    Mythril OreMythril - 191 veins - - 95 veins - - 63 veins -
    Orichalcum OreOrichalcum - 172 veins - - 86 veins - - 57 veins -
    Adamantite OreAdamantite - - 119 veins - - 59 veins - - 39 veins
    Titanium OreTitanium - - 107 veins - - 53 veins - - 35 veins

    These values are for a small world.

    All Hardmode ores will avoid spawning in the outer 100 tiles of the world. The highest location for Cobalt and Palladium to spawn is just below the surface, Mythril and Orichalcum start to spawn from the top of the Cavern layer, and Adamantite and Titanium start to spawn in the Cavern layer, lower than Mythril/Orichalcum.[3] All ores stop spawning at 150 tiles above the world's bottom border, i.e. about one fourth into the Underworld.

    The number of altars smashed only affects the number of veins, not their size. As the generation of each vein is heavily randomized, it is difficult to give exact high and low values from "optimal" veins. Instead, a table of "good luck" vein numbers and "bad luck" vein numbers is shown below. Average yield is likely between 30–40% due to occasional lost ore.

    This just represents for good and bad randomization results, and is not related to the luck mechanic.

    Ore type Good luck Bad luck
    Cobalt OreCobalt 103 Cobalt Ore (34 Cobalt Bar + 1 Cobalt Ore) 11 Cobalt Ore (3 Cobalt Bar + 2 Cobalt Ore)
    Palladium OrePalladium 103 Palladium Ore (34 Palladium Bar + 1 Palladium Ore) 11 Palladium Ore (3 Palladium Bar + 2 Palladium Ore)
    Mythril OreMythril 89 Mythril Ore (22 Mythril Bar + 1 Mythril Ore) 11 Mythril Ore (2 Mythril Bar + 3 Mythril Ore)
    Orichalcum OreOrichalcum 89 Orichalcum Ore (22 Orichalcum Bar + 1 Orichalcum Ore) 11 Orichalcum Ore (2 Orichalcum Bar + 3 Orichalcum Ore)
    Adamantite OreAdamantite 58 Adamantite Ore (11 Adamantite Bar + 3 Adamantite Ore) 11 Adamantite Ore (2 Adamantite Bar + 1 Adamantite Ore)
    Titanium OreTitanium 58 Titanium Ore (11 Titanium Bar + 3 Titanium Ore) 11 Titanium Ore (2 Titanium Bar + 1 Titanium Ore)

    Note that the above table assumes that all the ore actually replaces blocks. Ore can only replace the blocks listed below; it will not spawn if it attempts to replace any other block.[4]

    In addition to this, Hardmode ores will not generate over Granite Blocks or Marble Blocks, and as such cannot appear in the Granite Cave and Marble Cave biomes without replaceable blocks already existing there.

    Notes

    Achievements

    Achievement Ooo! Shiny!.png
    Ooo! Shiny! • “Mine your first nugget of ore with a pickaxe.”
    Mine your first ore. (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions)
    Category: Explorer Explorer
    Achievement Extra Shiny!.png
    Extra Shiny! • “Mine a powerful ore that has been newly blessed upon your world.”
    Mine your first Hardmode ore. (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions)
    Category: Explorer Explorer
    Achievement Photosynthesis.png
    Photosynthesis • “Mine chlorophyte, an organic ore found deep among the thickest of flora.”
    Mine your first Chlorophyte Ore. (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions)
    Category: Explorer Explorer

    Tips

    • Each Hardmode ore is chosen at the moment the first three altars in the world are broken. Ores can be "chosen" by quitting the world without saving (by ending the task or killing the process) after smashing the first altars. It is more easily done with a server, using the exit-nosave command.
      • Autosave should be disabled for this. Otherwise, the game might be saved just after smashing the altar and before quitting the world.
    • All ores except Hellstone and Obsidian are detected by the Metal Detector and its upgrades. Furthermore, their exact location on the screen is highlighted by the Spelunker buff, making it easy to find veins of ore. Hellstone is highlighted by the Dangersense buff instead; Obsidian easily appears around lava.
    • Using a Crate Potion will improve the chances of obtaining ore-bearing crates.
    • Filling in caves with spare natural blocks such as dirt before destroying altars can cause Hardmode ores to spawn in them. They can then also be seen on the minimap, presenting an easy way to convert extra blocks into ores with knowing their exact location.
    • Most ores sell for the same as or more than the bars made from them, exceptions being the late pre-Hardmode ores (Meteorite and Hellstone) and Chlorophyte, all of which are far more profitable as bars. (Hellstone and Obsidian are unsellable as ores.)
    • Two ways to quickly find Hardmode ores is to use previously discovered Abandoned Minecart Tracks or search along the ceiling of The Underworld. Both of these methods feature large cave systems along a significant horizontal distance, the Minecart Tracks allow the player to outrun dangerous enemies, and Hardmode enemies in the Underworld only spawn after defeating any mechanical boss.

    Trivia

    • Hellstone is the only unrenewable ore (i.e. it cannot be infinitely generated within a single world).
    • Luminite is the only ore that does not use either a Furnace or Hardmode Forge to craft bars, instead requiring the Ancient Manipulator.
    Ore alternatives are not mutually exclusive in drunk worlds, as displayed here (Copper Ore on the left, Tin Ore on the right).

    Non-equivalencies

    While most objects made of or implied to be made of ores and their derivatives have equivalents in the same tier, there exist several exceptions:

    Copper / Tin
    • The Tin Can, obtained via fishing, has no "Copper Can" counterpart.
    • The Merchant will always sell Copper tools even in Tin-containing worlds.
    • Newly-spawned characters and respawning Mediumcore characters will always respawn with Copper tools even in Tin-containing worlds.
    Iron / Lead
    • While implied to be linked to ore progression due to the Hardmode Mythril Crate, the Iron Crate does not have a "Lead Crate" counterpart.
    • The Ironskin Potion, despite its name, can be crafted using either Iron Ore or Lead Ore; there is no "Leadskin Potion" counterpart.
    • The Merchant will always sell an Iron Anvil even in Lead-containing worlds.
    • Underground Cabins will always spawn with an Iron Anvil even in Lead-containing worlds.
    • Newly-spawned Journey Mode characters will always have Iron tools even in Lead-containing worlds.
    Gold / Platinum
    • The Gold Chest does not have a "Platinum Chest" counterpart.
    • Golden furniture and Gold Ring, dropped by the Pirate Invasion enemies, do not have platinum counterparts.
    • Gold Dust, alongside its derivatives and related buffs and debuffs, does not have a platinum counterpart.
    • Gold versions of critters do not have platinum counterparts.
    • The Golden Carp does not have a "Platinum Carp" counterpart.
    • While implied to be linked to ore progression due to the Hardmode Titanium Crate, the Gold Crate does not have a "Platinum Crate" counterpart.
    • Despite gold and platinum being of the same tier for ores, Platinum Coins are in the tier directly above Gold Coins.
    Cobalt / Palladium
    Mythril / Orichalcum
    • While implied to be linked to ore progression due to the pre-Hardmode Iron Crate, the Mythril Crate does not have an "Orichalcum Crate" counterpart.
    Adamantite / Titanium
    • While implied to be linked to ore progression due to the pre-Hardmode Gold Crate, the Titanium Crate does not have an "Adamantite Crate" counterpart.

    History

    • Desktop 1.4.4: Stack limit of all ores increased from 999 to 9999.
    • Desktop 1.2.3:
      • Stack limit of all ores increased from 99 to 999.
      • Hardmode ores generate slightly less.
    • Desktop 1.2:
      • Added 8 new ores as possible alternatives to the original 8: Tin, Lead, Tungsten, Platinum, Crimtane, Palladium, Orichalcum, and Titanium Ore, ordered by tier.
      • Added Chlorophyte Ore.
    • Desktop 1.0.2: Mining stone and other hard blocks makes a "tink" sound now.
    • Desktop-Release: Introduced Copper, Iron, Silver, and Gold Ores, Hellstone, Obsidian, and Meteorite.
    • Console 1.06:
      • Stack limit of all ores increased from 99 to 999.
      • Hardmode ores generate slightly less.
    • Console-Release:
      • Introduced with mining noises.
        • Pre-Hardmode ores: Copper, Iron, Silver, and Gold Ores, Hellstone, Obsidian, and Meteorite.
        • Hardmode ores: Cobalt, Mythril, and Adamantite Ores.
    • Mobile 1.2.11212:
      • Stack limit of all ores increased from 99 to 999.
      • Hardmode ores generate slightly less.
    • Mobile 1.1.5536: Introduced Hardmode ores: Cobalt, Mythril and Adamantite Ore.
    • Mobile-Release: Introduced Copper, Iron, Silver, and Gold Ores, Hellstone, Obsidian, and Meteorite. These make noises when mined.
    • 3DS-Release:
      • Introduced with mining noises and generation mechanics from Desktop 1.2.3.
        • Pre-Hardmode ores: Copper, Tin, Iron, Lead, Silver, Tungsten, Gold, and Platinum Ores, Hellstone, Obsidian, and Meteorite.
        • Hardmode ores: Cobalt, Palladium, Mythril, Orichalcum, Adamantite, Titanium, and Chlorophyte Ores.

    References

    1. ↑ Information taken from the Desktop version Desktop 1.4.4.9 source code, method GenerateWorld() in Terraria.WorldGen.cs and class UnifiedRandom in Terraria.Utilities.cs.
    2. ↑ Information taken from the Desktop version Desktop 1.4.0.5 source code, methods SmashAltar() in Terraria.WorldGen.cs and OreRunner() in Terraria.WorldGen.cs. There may be inaccuracies, as the current Desktop version Desktop version is 1.4.4.9.
    3. ↑ The exact maximum height for Adamantite/Titanium can be calculated with the following formula: ( (|height of the top of the world| + |depth of the Underground/Cavern border|)*2 + total world height ) / 3. Information taken from the Desktop version Desktop 1.4.0.5 source code, method SmashAltar() in Terraria.WorldGen.cs. The formula used there is Main.rockLayer + Main.rockLayer + (double)Main.maxTilesY) / 3.0. There may be inaccuracies, as the current Desktop version Desktop version is 1.4.4.9.
    4. ↑ Information taken from the Desktop version Desktop 1.4.4.9 source code, method OreRunner() in Terraria.WorldGen.cs.
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